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Evidências da eficácia de programas de exercícios aquáticos no tratamento, prevenção e combate a doenças crônicas
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exercício aquático, aquaterapia, hidroterapia, hidroginástica, doença crônica, terapia do exercício, asma brônquicaResumo
É sabido que muito atleta de destaque iniciou a carreira por acaso, simplesmente porque a família buscava no esporte um tratamento alternativo à medicina tradicional (Figura). Diversas pesquisas tem sido realizadas abordando a importância da prática de atividades físicas ou terapia de exercícios no tratamento, prevenção, e combate a diversas doenças crônicas. Dentre estes estudos as atividades físicas abordadas variam, desde simples movimentos corporais com ou sem aparelhos até a prática de modalidades esportivas de baixa, média ou alta complexidade. Nossa revisão avaliou alguns dos principais trabalhos encampados nos últimos anos, publicados em revistas científicas do mundo todo, com o objetivo de verificar o nível de aplicação, envolvimento e eficácia especificamente dos programas de exercícios aquáticos. Fica evidenciada uma alta disseminação no uso das terapias, modalidades e atividades aquáticas para pacientes portadores dos mais diversos problemas, como síndrome metabólica; distúrbios pulmonares e coronários; problemas articulares, ósseos e musculares; câncer, depressão e asma, entre outros. Estudos específicos oferecem indicação de rotinas completas abordando frequência, duração e intensidade dos exercícios para males como resistência insulínica, diabetes, hipertensão e obesidade, entre outros. Finalmente, fica patente que é importante alertar para a finalidade profilática e não apenas terapêutica da atividade física no combate a maioria das doenças.
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Copyright (c) 2021 Paulo Franco Rosa
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